The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensedmatter science. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases volume 5 contemporary concepts of condensed matter science volume 5 kathy levin, alexander fetter, dan. The left picture shows how the bec starts to form out of the thermal cloud while coexisting with the fermion gas. On the bcs side of the becbcs crossover, the evolution of a localized density disturbance exhibits a negative echo at the point of the initial inhomogeneity. Generalized bec and crossover theories of superconductors and. Quantum degeneracy in an ultracold fermionic gas was achieved in 1999 with the alkalimetal. Bosonic and fermionic transport phenomena of ultracold. For fermionic molecules, the only chemically stable bialkalis are 23na 40k and k3cs, with nak possessing the larger electric dipole moment of d 2. In the solid state, a well known case is an impurity coupled to a bosonic bath such as lattice vibrations. Competition between weak quantum measurement and manybody.
Ultracold mixture experiments hold the promise of providing new insights into manybody quantum systems as well as ultracold chemistry and fewbody phenomena. Ultracold fermi gases have allowed for the realization of the bcsbec crossover, experimentally verifying the proposed scenario and making the quantitative study of this complex manybody problem possible. Ultracold fermi gases we employ ultracold atomic fermi gases to study quantum manybody physics. A single apparatus for the production of ultracold fermionic. The encircled dot corresponds to a vortex about, to. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases, volume 5 1st edition. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases are versatile and robust systems for probing fundamental condensedmatter physics problems 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, as well as finding applications. The pauli exclusion principle plays a crucial role in many aspects of ultracold fermi gases, including inhibited interactions with applications to precision measurements, and strong correlations. Link to publication citation for published version apa.
Shortly after spinpolarized hydrogen was stabilized, the fermionic gas of spinpolarized deuterium was also stabilized in 1980 6. Measurements of the interaction energy of an ultracold fermionic gas near a feshbach resonance were made, studying the impact of the interaction on the timeof. Polarons, dressed molecules and itinerant ferromagnetism. Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices nature physics. Feshbach resonances in ultracold mixtures of the fermionic quantum gases 6li and 40k tiecke, t. Chapter 1 experimental methods of ultracold atomic physics. Pdf ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases are versatile and robust. Ultracold gases of fermionic atoms near feshbach resonance.
Ultracold fermi gases our group explores the physics of fermi gases at ultracold temperatures and investigates the link between superconductivity and boseeinstein condensation bec. Recently, ultracold bosonic rbcs molecules were successfully coherently transferred into the rovibrational ground state 24, 25. Experiments with ultracold fermionic gases are in many aspects similar to experiments with ultracold bosonic gases, however there are a few distinct di erences. In the first part of the thesis, itinerant ferromagnetism was studied in a strongly interacting fermi gas of ultracold atoms. Read ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases by available from rakuten kobo. They form what is called a fermi sea, with each atom. Our results pave the way for the production of ultracold bosonic groundstate 6li40k molecules which exhibit a large intrinsic permanent electric dipole moment.
The focus is on the generic behaviour of sk,omega as function of filling and interaction strength with the aim of identifying possible experimental signatures for the different quantum phase transitions. Fermionic first for condensates research laboratory of. Pietro massignan 1, matteo zaccanti 2 and georg m bruun 3. In this thesis, we discuss ultracold quantum gases both in continuum and optical lattices. Fermi gas 1999, the observation of a strongly interacting degenerate fermi gas 2002, the formation of dimers of fermions 2003, boseeinstein condensation bec of these dimers late 2003 and. Ultracold bose and fermi quantum gases are introduced at a lev. A promising approach is to create the molecular gas directly from an ultracold atomic gas. A unified ab initio approach to the correlated quantum. The ability to tune the strength of the attractive interaction in trapped fermi gases is revealing the nature of superfluidity and superconductivity in a hitherto unexplored regime. We studied the magnetic field dependence of the inelastic decay of an ultracold, optically trapped 6li gas of different spin compositions. Qualitative ideas about the mott transition are then presented, both for bosons and fermions, as well as meanfield theories of this phenomenon. Trapping fermionic 40k and bosonic 87rb on a chip 381 broadband white light sources,6,29 we observe wavelength dependence of the 87rb desorption effeciency.
Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices real materials densities. Basics of frg for ultracold fermions, thermodynamics, becside today. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases atomcool rice university. In late 2003, we made the first direct observation of molecular bec. Published 19 february 2014 2014 iop publishing ltd reports on progress in physics, volume 77, number 3. Hazzard 1department of physics and astronomy, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pennsylvania 15260, usa 2department of physics and astronomy, rice university. Fermionic quantum gases allow the study of spin transport from first principles because interactions can be precisely tailored and the dynamics is on directly observable timescales. Firstly, we show that a novel superconducting pairing occurs for spinimbalanced fermi gases with the spin up and down fermi levels lying within the px and s orbital bands of a quasionedimensional optical lattice. Negative echo in the density evolution of ultracold fermionic. A single apparatus for the production of ultracold. Bosonlike quantum dynamics of association in ultracold fermi. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. We find that in contrast to the previous proposed pairbreaking mechanism of damping, the damping.
Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases kathryn levin, alexander l. Buy ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases volume 5 contemporary concepts of condensed matter science volume 5 on free shipping on qualified orders ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases volume 5 contemporary concepts of condensed matter science volume 5. Within the last few years we have witnessed the discovery of strongly interacting fermi gases. However, the biggest challenge in kohnsham dft for both electronic and ultracold atomic systemsis the construction of good approximations for the socalled exchangecorrelation functional 1, the term in the total energydescribingthemanybodyeffectsbeyondthehartree level. The onset of itinerant ferromagnetism occurs when the energy as a function of magnetization flips from a u shape to a w shape a. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases volume 5 contemporary. Dynamic structure factor of ultracold bose and fermi gases. The 1995 observation of boseeinstein condensation in dilute atomic vapours spawned the field of ultracold, degenerate quantum gases. Many challenges were met and surmounted in the process and within a remarkably short period of time. In liquid helium and dilute gases, bose and fermi superfluidity has been observed separately, but producing a mixture in which both the fermionic and the bosonic components are superfluid is challenging. Ultracold atomic gases provide an excellent platform to engineer the models underlying these phenomena, allowing us to study manybody quantum systems in a clean and very well controlled environment. We predict a nonequilibrium critical phenomenon in the spacetime density evolution of a fermionic gas above the temperature of transition into the superfluid phase. Production efficiency of ultracold feshbach molecules in. The availability of atomic fermi gases offers the prospect of coupling fermionic atoms to bosonic molecules, thus altering the quantum statistics of the system.
We study the collective association dynamics of a cold fermi gas of 2n atoms in m atomic modes into a single molecular bosonic mode. For degenerate fermi gases, such control over the interaction strength is crucial in the search for a super. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5 1. Pdf ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices researchgate. Itinerant ferromagnetism in a fermi gas of ultracold atoms. Using the microcanonical picture of transport a framework ideally suited to describe the dynamics of closed quantum systems such as ultracold atom experiments we show that the exact dynamics of noninteracting fermions and bosons exhibit very different transport properties when the system is set out of equilibrium by removing the particles from half of the lattice. The general focus is on the behaviour of socalled quantum fluids, i. Decay of an ultracold fermionic lithium gas near a. We investigate the dynamic structure factor of atomic bose and fermi gases in onedimensional optical lattices at zero temperature. Superfluidity and quantum interferometry francesco piazza relatore.
Density correlations in ultracold atomic fermi gases. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5 1, levin. Probing and manipulating fermionic and bosonic quantum gases. In the publications page you will find links to our early work on this topic. In this article we propose to use the full counting statistics of density. Feb 29, 2008 ultracold quantum gases are proving to be a powerful model system for strongly interacting electronic manybody systems.
Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5 kindle edition by levin, kathy, fetter, alexander, stamperkurn, dan. September 27th, 2011 thomas salez phd thesis defense. The work presented in this thesis dealt with the construction of a new apparatus for the production and study of ultracold gases of fermionic lithium6 and bosonic caesium3. For the continuum fermi gases in bcsbec crossover, we present an effective field theory study on the recently discovered puzzling damping phenomena on the bcs side of the crossover. Polarons, dressed molecules and itinerant ferromagnetism in ultracold fermi gases. The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensedmatter science, and the contributions to this book emphasize these connections. In this thesis, we consider light scattering in free space from a bosonic ultracold gas and show that there are many prominent features that go beyond classical optics. For the ultracold fermionic atoms in optical\ud lattices, we propose two novel quantum phases. Pdf the physics of quantum degenerate atomic fermi gases in uniform as well as in harmonically. Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic and fermionic ultracold dipolar and ionic gases f. Jun 25, 2015 download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf probing and manipulating fermionic and bosonic quantum gases with quantum light article pdf available june 2015 with 19 reads. Topological order in quantumdegenerate fermi gases. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important to reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used.
Ultracold quantum fields provides a selfcontained introduction to quantum field theory for manyparticle systems, using functional methods throughout. Quantum state manipulation of ultracold fermionic and. Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic and. Ferromagnetic phase transition at t 0, according to the meanfield model described in the text. On the one hand, they can be viewed as experimental quantum simulators for exploring challenging problems of condensedmatter physics such as. Creation of ultracold molecules from a fermi gas of. Contemporary concepts of condensed matter science ultracold. Uvadare digital academic repository feshbach resonances in. In this work, we pursue the path by the mlmctdhb approach further in order to derive and apply an efficient method for simulating the correlated quantum dynamics of arbitrary ultracold atomic mixtures, let them be of bosonic, fermionic, or bosefermi type. Probing and manipulating fermionic and bosonic quantum gases with quantum. Unprecedented developments in experimental design and precision control have led to quantum gases becoming the preferred playground for designer quantum manybody systems. In the fermi gases, we summarize recent experiments including various phase diagrams with and without population imbalance, as well as evidence for a pseudogap in thermodynamic and other experiments.
Reimann,3 and paola gorigiorgi1 1department of theoretical chemistry and amsterdam center for multiscale modeling, few, vrije universiteit amsterdam, amsterdam 1081 hv, netherlands. Quantum state manipulation of fewbody systems in optical lattices. Purchase ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases, volume 5 1st edition. The experimental complexity of these ultracold fermi gases cannot be overstated. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases by kathy levin. B enthalpy, volume, and kinetic energy, normalized to their values for the ideal fermi gas, and magnetization as a function of the.
The eld of ultracold fermionic gases naturally emerged out of the research performed on ultracold bosonic gases. This has naturally been extended into the realm of ultracold gases where such nondemolition schemes have been applied to both fermionic 37, 38 and bosonic systems 39, 40. For this purpose, the mlmctdhb wavefunction ansatz is generalized to also include. Known as holy grail two in the ultracold matter community, fermionic condensates could have an enormous impact on other areas of physics as well. Pdf densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated. Keywords high tc superconductor ultracold fermi gas super. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical.
Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic. First, atoms are usually trapped and precooled via. Dec 14, 2015 generalized bec and crossover theories of superconductors and ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases generalized bec and crossover theories of superconductors and ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases chavez, i grether, m llano, m. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases 1st edition isbn. Preparation of an optically trapped fermifermi mixture of li6 and k40 atoms and characterization of the interspecies interactions by feshbach spectroscopy. Ultracold quantum gases are proving to be a powerful model system for strongly interacting electronic manybody systems.
Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases kathryn levin. Here we report on the observation of such a mixture with dilute gases of two lithium isotopes, lithium6 and lithium7. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. It is not possible to use traditional thermometers to measure. Feshbach resonances in ultracold mixtures of the fermionic quantum gases 6li and 40k. Negative echo in the density evolution of ultracold. Falsecolor reconstruction of the density distributions of a gas with fermionic 40k front and bosonic 87rb back during the evaporative cooling process, as detected after a ballistic expansion of the mixture 19. Quantum coherence and magnetism in bosonic and fermionic. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical lattices. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical lattices ulrich schneider, lucia hackermuller, sebastian will, thorsten best, simon braun, philipp ronzheimer, kc fong, tim rom stefan trotzky, yuao chen, jeff thompson, ute schnorrberger, simon folling, fabrice gerbier, artur widera stefan kuhr, jacob sherson, marc cheneau. Decay of an ultracold fermionic lithium gas near a feshbach. Ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic na k molecules in their. Density functional theory for stronglycorrelated bosonic and fermionic ultracold dipolar and ionic gases f. In this thesis, two sets of experimental studies in bosonic and fermionic gases are described.
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